| 助動詞 | 例 |
|---|---|
| can be able to ～することができる | He can speak Japanese. |
| can ～してもよい | You can enter if you have a ticket. |
| can ～はありうる | Anybody can make mistakes. （誰でも間違いを犯すことがあります。） |
| could ～かもしれない | The light in the sky could be a plane. （空の光は飛行機かもしれません） |
| must have to ～しなければならない | You must attend the meeting. I had to write a report about my summer vacation. |
| must ～に違いない | She must be Bobby's sister. |
| may might ～かもしれない | We may have some rain tomorrow. He might come to the party with his wife. |
| should ought to ～すべきだ | You should exercise every day. （あたなは毎日運動をするべきです） You should sleep long time for cure illness （あたなは病気を治すために長く寝るべきです） |
| should ～しなければならない | You should look after the children from time to time. （あなたは時々子供の世話をしなければならない） |
| should ought to ～のはずだ | My parents should already be in Boston （私の両親はもうボストンにいるはずです） |
| will ～するつもりだ （意志） | I will do my best in my new job. （私は新しい仕事で最善を尽くすつもりです。） |
| will would (丁寧) たぶん～だろう | He will be busy now. （彼は今忙しいだろう。） |
| will よく～する | My grandfather will often go fishing on Sundays. I will drive slowly on a narrow road. |
| would よく～したものだ | My grandfather would often take me to the zoo on weekends. |
| 助動詞 | 例 |
|---|---|
| had better ～したほうがよい | I had better buy a gift for my wife. |
| 助動詞 | 例 |
|---|---|
| can't ← スペル注意 cannnot ～してはいけない | You can't park your car here. |
| can't ← スペル注意 cannnot ～のはずがない | Karen can't be home now. |
| must not (強く)～してはいけない | You must not drink beer in the office. She must not interfere. (彼女は邪魔してはいけない) |
| may not ～してはいけない | You may not enter this room. ＊推量（かもしれない）の否定ではない |
| don't have to ～しなくてもよい ～する必要はない | She doesn't have to take the test. ＊must notと意味が違うので注意 You don't have to come with me. |
| 助動詞 | 例 |
|---|---|
| May I …? ～してもよろしいですか | May I use your bathroom? |
| Must I …? Do I have to ～? ～しなければなりませんか？ | Must I go now? Do I have to go to bed now? |
| Can I …? Could I …? (丁寧) ～してもいいですか | Can I turn on the radio? |
| Can I have …? ～をください | Can I have a newspaper, please? |
| Can I …? ～しましょうか | Can I carry your bag? |
| Shall I …? ～しましょうか | Shall I make some tea? Shall I show a pictures of Hawaii? |
| Shall we …? ～しましょうよ | Shall we throw away these old magazines? |
| 助動詞 | 例 |
|---|---|
| Can you …? Could you …? (丁寧) ～してくれませんか | Can you open the window? Could you lend me the book? |
| Will you …? Would you …?(丁寧) ～してくれませんか | Will you close the window? Will you please tell me where she is now? |